AI Income Risk · Real Estate
Kop van Noord-Holland
ProofIndex score 39/100 (Low Risk) · medium confidence
ProofIndex score: 39/100 — Low Risk risk.
Scoring period 2026-Q2 · medium confidence in the underlying data
Kop van Noord-Holland (Netherlands) is relatively insulated in ProofIndex’s scoring, with a ProofIndex score of 39/100 (Low Risk). The biggest contributor is income concentration — how concentrated local income is in higher-paid, AI-exposed work.
Key risk drivers
- Income Concentration — 61/100
- How concentrated local income is in higher-paid, AI-exposed work.
- Housing Leverage — 49/100
- How leveraged local mortgage borrowers are — loan-to-value, debt-to-income, and price-to-income.
- Resilience Factors — 25/100
- Local economic cushioning — savings, benefits, and job diversity that absorb an income shock.
- Employment Vulnerability — 0/100
- How exposed local jobs are to AI automation, based on the area’s occupation mix.
Where this score comes from
Every ProofIndex pillar is computed from published statistics. These are the sources behind this area's score, with the vintage of each and the limitation we know about it.
- Employment Vulnerability — CBS + ProofIndex model
- Derived Dutch sub-regional proxy · Proxy · COROP · vintage 2024-2025. Derived from province-level official data and local adjustment factors.
- Income Concentration — CBS + ProofIndex model
- Dutch COROP estimates · Derived · COROP · vintage 2024-2025. Uses official CBS series with ProofIndex transformations where direct COROP indicators are incomplete.
- Housing Leverage — CBS + ProofIndex model
- Dutch COROP estimates · Derived · COROP · vintage 2024-2025. Uses official CBS series with ProofIndex transformations where direct COROP indicators are incomplete.
- Rental Market Exposure — CBS + ProofIndex model
- Dutch COROP estimates · Derived · COROP · vintage 2024-2025. Uses official CBS series with ProofIndex transformations where direct COROP indicators are incomplete.
- Resilience Factors — CBS + ProofIndex model
- Dutch COROP estimates · Derived · COROP · vintage 2024-2025. Uses official CBS series with ProofIndex transformations where direct COROP indicators are incomplete.
Frequently asked questions
Is Kop van Noord-Holland at risk from AI job losses?
Less than most — Kop van Noord-Holland is relatively insulated among the Netherlands markets ProofIndex tracks. It scores 39/100 (Low Risk) overall, and 0/100 on employment vulnerability — how much of the local occupation mix overlaps with work today’s AI can already do. ProofIndex measures how exposed local incomes are, not how many jobs will go: a higher score means more of the local wage base sits in work that AI is changing.
How exposed is the Kop van Noord-Holland housing market to AI automation?
Kop van Noord-Holland scores 39/100 (Low Risk) on ProofIndex, which blends how exposed local incomes are to AI with how leveraged the local housing market is. The largest single contributor is income concentration at 61/100 — how concentrated local income is in higher-paid, AI-exposed work. Housing leverage — loan-to-value, debt-to-income, and price-to-income among local borrowers — scores 49/100. Local resilience — savings, benefits, and job diversity that absorb an income shock — scores 25/100 and pulls the composite down. Scores are normalized 0–100 within Netherlands, so this ranks Kop van Noord-Holland against other Netherlands markets rather than against markets abroad.
Why is Kop van Noord-Holland rated Low Risk?
Low Risk is the risk tier ProofIndex assigns to a composite score of 39/100. The composite weights employment vulnerability at 35%, income concentration at 25%, housing leverage at 25%, and subtracts local resilience at 15%. For Kop van Noord-Holland the risk pillars rank income concentration 61/100, housing leverage 49/100, employment vulnerability 0/100. Confidence in the underlying data for this area is medium.
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Other Netherlands markets
- Agglomeratie Haarlem — 94/100
- Het Gooi en Vechtstreek — 87/100
- Agglomeratie Leiden en Bollenstreek — 86/100
- Utrecht — 78/100
- Utrecht — 78/100
- Veluwe — 78/100